Debates over who is Hispanic and who is not have often fueled conversations about identity among Americans who trace their heritage to Latin America or Spain. Most recently, the 2020 census has drawn attention to how Hispanic identity is defined and measured. The once-a-decade head count of all people living in the United States used a new approach to identify who is Hispanic and has provided fresh details about how Hispanics view their racial identity. This passage was written by the Pew Research Center.
The law is pretty clear as to whom may identify as Hispanic. You must have been born or derived your heritage from one of the many Spanish speaking countries around the world. This country is unique as it is compromised of a mix of a variety of races and ethnicities. People identify themselves as they see fit but you must have a connection with that identity, somewhere down your genealogy, as people have tried to identify as another race or ethnicity to gain some kind of recognition, for whatever reason. That leads me to the question: how far back can you go to identify as this other race and or ethnicity? I mean, they say that all life started near the river Nile, can I now say that I’m African American? or Middle Eastern? Probably not…. pretty much “no”. So how far back can you go? 100 years… 1000 years?
For conversations sake, lets discuss the plight of Puerto Rico and the Puerto Rican people. Are they Hispanic? Spain lost Puerto Rico to the United States in the Spanish-American War. In the Treaty of Paris of 1898 that was signed by Spain and America. There were some stipulations that compromised the treaty. Some of them were that Spain had to cede control over Puerto Rico, Cuba, Guam and the Philippines and that Hawaii would become a territory of the United States, just like Puerto Rico. Since Puerto Rico was never a sovereign country of its own, always occupied by a foreign nation, what are the Puerto Rican people? At this point, could they be considered Hispanic? There are many great Puerto Rican people and it has produced many great stars… boxing in particular is one of the areas these warriors excelled in, but are they Hispanic? After essentially being under American control for 125 years and the people being born American citizens for all that time, wouldn’t they be American? I believe it’s an important question.
Now lets look at Guam, who was colonized by the Spanish from the 16th Century until the U.S. gained control in the same treaty. In this case, the people of Guam, called Chamorros, a Spanish word, do not identify as Hispanic. They have their own language but with many words being Spanish or derived from from Spanish. In a country where identity has become such a major issue, America, and there is a box to check every time you apply for something to make sure that there isn’t any discrimination, I think these questions are important. So how far back can you go? To identify yourself as something other than the country you were born in? What’s appropriate?